Publikationen

Curman P, Kridin K, Zirpel H, Hernandez G, Akyuz M, Thaci D, Schmidt E, Ludwig RJ. COVID-19 infection is associated with an elevated risk for autoimmune blistering diseases while COVID-19 vaccination decreases the risk: A large-scale population-based cohort study of 112 million individuals. J Am Acad Dermatol 2025, 92: 452-63.

Olbrich H, Patzelt S, Gaffal E, Kridin K, Curman P, Schmidt E, Ludwig RJ, Kasperkiewicz M. Risk of oesophageal strictures in mucous membrane pemphigoid: Insights from a real-world cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2025; 39: e872-74.

Olbrich H, Patzelt S, Sadik CD, Schmidt E, Ludwig RJ. Risk of blindness in a global cohort of patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2025; 39: e694-95.

Kridin K, Bieber K, Vorobyev A, Moderegger EL, Hernandez G, Schmidt E, Ludwig RJ. Risk of death, major adverse cardiac events, and relapse in bullous pemphigoid patients treated with systemic or topical corticosteroids. Br J Dermatol 2024, 191: 539-47.

Kridin K, van Beek N, Bühler E, Kochan AS, Ranjbar M, Beissert S, Zillikens D, Günther C, Schmidt E. Characteristics associated with refractory course, blindness, and treatment strategy-related outcomes in patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid - A bicentric observational study. JAMA Dermatol 2023,159: 198-203.

Dikmen HO, Yilmaz K, Benoit S, Bernard P, Drenovska K, Gerdes S, Gläser R, Günther C, Homey B, Horváth ON, Huilaja L, Joly P, Kiritsi D, Meller S, Patsatsi A, Sárdy M, Schauer F, Shahid M, Sticherling M, Tasanen K, Vassileva S, Worm M, Zillikens D, Sadik CD, van Beek N, König IR, Schmidt E. Serum autoantibody reactivity in bullous pemphigoid is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders and the use of antidiabetics and antipsychotics: a large, prospective cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022, 36: 2181-89.

Kridin K, Schulze F, Linder R, Schmidt E. The association of six autoimmune bullous diseases with thyroid disorders: A population-based study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022, 36: 1826-30.

van Beek N, Kridin K, Bühler E, Kochan AS, Ständer S, Ludwig R, Zillikens D, Schmidt E*, Günther C*. Site- and autoantigen-specific determinants of mucous membrane pemphigoid: Insights from a bicentric observational study. JAMA Dermatol 2021, 158: 84-89.

Kridin K, Hübner F, Recke A, Linder R, Schmidt E. The burden of neurological comorbidities in six autoimmune bullous diseases: A population-based study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: 2074-78.

van Beek N, Weidinger A, Baratay A, Kleinheinz A, Schneider SW, Gläser R, Holtsche MM, von Georg A, Hammers CM, Hübner F, Lima Aa, Gola D, Sadik CD, Zillikens D, Katalinic A, Schmidt E, König IR. Incidence of pemphigoid diseases in Northern Germany in 2016 - first data from the Schleswig-Holstein Registry of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: 1197-1202.

De D, Shilpa S, Kumar S, Drenovska K, Mehta H, van Beek N, Sachdeva N, Fleva A, Shahid M, Handa S, Giannakou A, Naumova E, Mahajan R, Kyriakou A, Lesichkova S, Lazaridou E, Radotra BD, Kishore K, Vassileva S, Patsatsi A, Schmidt E. Anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 serum IgG and positivity by direct immunofluorescence microscopy is associated with relapse in pemphigus in a prospective bicontinental study. JAAD Int 2025; 19: 67-74.

Yilmaz K, Goletz S, Hammers CM, Boch K, Zeidler C, Wiegmann H, Bergmann E, Rastegar Lari T, DikmenO, Häring N, Strohal R, Kleinheinz A, Hadaschik EN, van Beek N, Ständer S, Schmidt E. Clinical and immunopathological spectrum of immunoglobulin M pemphigoid: a multicenter case series. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2025, in press.

Goletz S, Pigors M, Lari TR, Hammers CM, Wang Y, Emtenani S, Aumailley M, Holtsche MM, Stang FH, Weyers I, König IR, Has C, Radzimski C, Komorowski L, Zillikens D, Schmidt E. Laminin β4 is a constituent of the cutaneous basement membrane zone and additional autoantigen of anti-p200 pemphigoid. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024, 90: 790-97.

Goletz S, Probst C, Komorowski L, Radzimski C, Mindorf S, Holtsche MM, Pigors M, van Beek N, Zillikens D, Schlumberger W, Schmidt E. Sensitive and specific assay for the serological diagnosis of anti-p200 pemphigoid based on the recombinant laminin β4 subunit. Br J Dermatol 2024, 191: 140-41.

Tegtmeyer J, Romagnuolo M, Hammers CM, Opelka B, Probst C, Komorowski L, Marzano AV, Schmidt E, Goletz S. Reactivity against the BP180 ectodomain in patients with bullous pemphigoid, mucous membrane pemphigoid, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson disease. Exp Dermatol 2024, 33: 15125.

Emtenani S, Linnemann BE, Recke A, von Georg A, Goltez S, Schmidt E, van Beek N. Anti-BP230 IgE autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid intraindividually correlate with disease activity. J Dermatol Sci 2024, 114: 64-70.

Boch K, Heck F, Hammers CM, Antiga E, Caproni M, Juhl D, Goletz S, Horváth ON, Huilaja L, Khil'chenko S, Sina C, Tasanen K, Vassileva S, Schlumberger W, Zillikens D, Shahid M, Drenovska K, Zone JJ, Koszorú K, Fechner K, Dähnrich C, König IR, Schmidt E. Serum reactivity in dermatitis herpetiformis: an international multicentre study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023, 49: 53-57.

Daneshpazhooh M, Fazlolahi S, Mahmoudi H, Atefi I, van Beek N, Balighi K,  Fazli JT,  Kamyab K, Zillikens D, Schmidt E. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: the most frequent pemphigoid disease in patients with dermal binding autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy on human salt-split skin in Tehran, Iran. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: e370-72.

Holtsche MM, van Beek N, Hashimoto T, Di Zenzo G, Zillikens D, Prost-Squarcioni C, Titeux M, Hovnanian A, Schmidt E*, Goletz S*. Diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: multicentre comparison of different assays for serum anti-type VII collagen reactivity. Acta Dermatol Venereol (Stockh.) 2021, 101: 420.

van Beek N, Krüger S, Fuhrmann T; Lemcke S, Goletz S, Probst C, Komorowski L, Di Zenzo G, Dmochowski M, Drenovska K, Horn M, Jedlickova H, Kowalewski C, Medenica L, Murrell D, Patsatsi A, Geller S, Uzun S, Vassileva S, Zhu X, Fechner K, Zillikens D, Stöcker W, Schmidt E; Rentzsch K. Multicenter prospective study on multivariant diagnostics of autoimmune bullous dermatoses using the BIOCHIP technology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020, 83: 1315-22.

Goletz S, Probst C, Komorowski L, Schlumberger W, Fechner K, van Beek N, Holtsche MM, Recke A, Yancey KB, Hashimoto T, Antonicelli F, Di Zenzo G, Zillikens D, Stöcker W, Schmidt E. Sensitive and specific assay for the serological diagnosis of anti-laminin 332 mucous membrane pemphigoid. Br J Dermatol 2019, 180: 149-56.

Pigors M, Goletz S, Wang Y, Emtenani S, Hammers C, Holtsche MM, Patzelt S, Opelka B, Stang F, König I, Komorowski L, Radzimski C, Aumailley M, Has C, Schmidt E. Anti-laminin β4 IgG drives tissue damage in anti-p200 pemphigoid and shows interactions with laminin α3 and γ1/2 chains. J Invest Dermatol 2025, 145: 821-30.

Bao L, Guerrero-Juarez CF, Li J; Pigors M, Emtenani S, Liu Y, Mansini AP, Wang Y, Ahmed A, Ishii N, Hashimoto T, Perez White BE, Green S, Kunstman K, Nowak NC, Cole C, Sarkar MK, Gudjonsson JE, Macias V, Sverdlov M, McAlexander MA, McCrae C, Nazaroff CD, Schmidt E, Amber KT. IgG autoantibodies in bullous pemphigoid directly induce a pathogenic MyD88-dependent pro-inflammatory response in keratinocytes. Nat Commun 2025, in press.

Sigmund AM, Bayerbach FC, Kugelmann D, Butz E, Moztarzadeh S, Schikora ME, Horn AK, Radeva MY, Engelmayer S, Egu DT, Goebeler M, Schmidt E, Waschke J, Vielmuth F. Epac1 contributes to apremilast-mediated rescue of pemphigus autoantibody-induced loss of keratinocyte adhesion. .JCI Insight 2025; 10: e187481.

Murthy S, Patzelt S, Künstner A, Busch H, Schmidt E*, Sadik CD*. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) ameliorates disease in a murine model of anti-laminin 332 mucous membrane pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 2024, 144: 2671-81.

Emtenani S, Lebhar H, Marquis CP, Ludwig RJ, Schmidt E. Granzyme B inhibition reduces autoantibody-induced dermal-epidermal separation in an ex vivo model of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Exp Dermatol 2024, 33: 15172.

Belheouane M, Hermes BM, Van Beek N, Benoit S, Bernard P, Drenovska K, Gerdes S, Gläser R, Goebeler M, Günther C, von Georg A, Hammers CM, Holtsche MM, Homey B, Horváth ON, Hübner F, Linnemann B, Joly P, Márton D, Patsatsi A, Pföhler C, Sárdy M, Huilaja L, Vassileva S, Zillikens D, Ibrahim S, Sadik CD, Schmidt E*, Baines JF*. Characterization of the skin microbiota in bullous pemphigoid patients and controls reveals novel microbial indicators of disease. J Adv Res 2023, 44: 71-79.

Pigors M, Patzelt S, Reichhelm N, Dworschak J, Khil'chenko S, Emtenani S, Bieber K, Hofrichter M, Kamaguchi M, Goletz S, Köhl G, Köhl J, Komorowski L, Probst C, Vanderheyden K, Balbino B, Ludwig R, Verheesen P, Schmidt E. Bullous pemphigoid induced by IgG targeting type XVII collagen non-NC16A/NC15A extracellular domains is driven by Fc gamma receptor- and complement-mediated effector mechanisms and ameliorates with neonatal Fc receptor blockade. J Pathol 2024, 262: 161-74.

Sigmund A, Winkler M, Engelmayer S, Kugelmann D, Egu D, Steinert L, Fuchs M, Hiermaier M, Radeva M, Bayerbach F, Butz E, Kotschi S, Hudemann C, Hertl M, Yeruva S, Schmidt E, Yazdi A, Ghoreschi K, Vielmuth F, Waschke J. Apremilast prevents blistering in human epidermis and stabilizes keratinocyte adhesion in pemphigus. Nat Commun 2023, 14: 116.

Chakievska L, Holtsche MM, Künstner A, Goletz S, Petersen BS, Thaci D, Ibrahim SM, Ludwig RJ, Franke A, Sadik CD, Zillikens D, Hölscher C, Busch H, Schmidt E. IL-17A is functionally relevant and a potential therapeutic target in bullous pemphigoid. J Autoimmun 2019; 96: 104-12.

Holtsche MM, van Beek N, Hammers CM, Vorobyev A, Kasperkiewicz M, Schumacher N, Muck P, Schmidt E.. Adjuvant therapy of severe and/or refractory bullous pemphigoid with immunoadsorption: a prospective monocenter pilot study. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2025, in press.

van Beek N, Eming R, Reuss A, Zillikens D, Sárdy M, Günther C, Kiritsi D, Benoit S, Beissert S, Gläser R, Gollnick H, Horváth ON, Pfeiffer C, Röcken M, Schauer F, Schreml S, Steinbrink K, Zink A, Schade-Brittinger C, Hertl M, Schmidt E. Efficacy and safety of adjuvant immunoadsorption in pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus (IA-Pem Study): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2024, 190: 657-57.

Goebeler M, Bata-Csörgő Z, De Simone C, Didona B, Remenyik E, Reznichenko N, Stoevesandt J, Ward ES, Parys W, de Haard H, Dupuy P, Verheesen P, Schmidt E, Joly P. Treatment of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus with efgartigimod, a neonatal Fc receptor inhibitor: a phase 2 multicentre, open-label feasibility trial. Br J Dermatol 2022, 186: 429-39.

Hübner F, Kasperkiewicz M, Knuth-Rehr D, Shimanovich I, Hübner J, Süfke S, Muck P, Zillikens D, Schmidt E. Adjuvant treatment of severe/ refractory bullous pemphigoid with protein A immunoadsorption leads to rapid diseases control and decrease of anti-BP180 autoantibody levels. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018, 16: 1109-18.

Williams HC, Wojnarowska F, Kirtschig G, Mason J, Godec TR, Schmidt E, Chalmers JR, Childs M, Walton S, Harman K, Chapman A, Whitham D, Nunn AJ. Doxycycline versus prednisolone as an initial treatment strategy for bullous pemphigoid – a pragmatic non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2017, 389: 1630-38.

Sticherling M, Franke A, Aberer E, Gläser R, Hertl M, Pfeiffer C, Rzany B, Schneider S, Shimanovich I, Werfel T, Wilczek A, Zillikens D, Schmidt E. An open, multicenter, randomized clinical study in patients with bullous pemphigoid comparing methylprednisolone and azathioprine with methylprednisolone and dapsone. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177: 1299-1305.30-38.

Guidelines were established on pemphigus vulgaris/ foliaceus, paraneoplastic pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, mucous membrane pemphigoid, linear IgA disease, and dermatitis herpetiformis.

Hofmann SC, Günther C, Böckle BC, Didona D, Ehrchen J, Gaskins M, Geerling G, Gläser R, Hadaschik E, Hampl M, Haßkamp P, Jackowski J, Kiritsi D, Nast A, Pleyer U, Reichel C, Roth M, Schumann M, Sticherling M, Worm M, Zillikens D, Goebeler M, Schmidt E. S2k Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2022, 20: 1530-50.

Schmidt E, Sticherling M, Sárdy M, Eming R, Goebeler M, Hertl M, Hofmann SC, Hunzelmann N, Kern JS, Kramer H, Nast A, Orzechowski HD, Pfeiffer C, Schuster V, Sitaru C, Zidane M, Zillikens D, Worm M. S2k guidelines for the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris/foliaceus and bullous pemphigoid: 2019 update. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges, 2020; 18: 516-26.

Schmidt E, Goebeler M, Hertl M, Sárdy M, Sitaru C, Eming R, Hofmann S, Hunzelmann N, Kern JS, Kramer H, Orzechowski HD, Pfeiffer C, Schuster V, Sporbeck B, Sticherling M, Worm M, Zillikens D, Nast A. S2k Guidelines for diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris / foliaceus and bullous pemphigoid. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2015, 13: 713-727.

Caux F, Patsatsi A, Karakioulaki M, Antiga E, Baselga E, Borradori L, Caproni M, Cardones AR, Chandran NS, Dräger S, Drenovska K, Goebeler M, Günther C, Hofmann SC, Ioannides D, Joly P, Marinović B, Mariotti EB, Marzano AV, Morel KD, Murrell DF, Prost C, Sárdy M, Setterfield J, Skiljevic D, Uzun S, Vassileva S, Zambruno G, Schmidt E. S2k guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of linear IgA dermatosis initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024, 38: 1006-23.

Antiga E, Bech R, Maglie R, Genovese G, Borradori L, Bockle B, Caproni M, Caux F, Chandran NS, Corrà A, D’Amore F, Daneshpazhooh M, De D, Didona D, Dmochowski M, Drenovska K, Ehrchen J, Feliciani C, Goebeler´M, Groves R, Günther C, Handa S, Hofmann S, Horvath B, Ioannidis D, Jedlickova H, Kowalewski C, Kridin K, Joly P, Lim YL, Marinovic B, Maverakis E, Meijer J, Patsatsi A, Pincelli C, Prost C, Setterfield J, Sprecher E, Skiljevic D, Tasanen K, Uzun S, van Beek N, Vassileva S, Vorobyev A, Vujic I, Wang G, Wang M, Wozniak K, Yayli S, Zambruno G, Hashimoto T, Schmidt E, Mascarò JM, Marzano AV. S2k guidelines on the management of paraneoplastic pemphigus/paraneoplastic autoimmune multiorgan syndrome initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023, 37: 1118-34.

Borradori L, van Beek N, Feliciani C, Tedbirt B, Antiga E, Bergman R, Böckle BC, Caproni M, Caux F, Chandran NS, Cianchini G, Daneshpazhooh M, De D, Didona D, Di Zenzo GM, Dmochowski M, Drenovska K, Ehrchen J, Goebeler M, Groves R, Günther C, Horvath B, Hertl M, Hofmann S, Ioannides D, Itzlinger-Monshi B, Jedličková J, Kowalewski C, Kridin K, Lim YL, Marinovic B, Marzano AV, Mascaro JM, Meijer JM, Murrell D, Patsatsi K, Pincelli C, Prost C, Rappersberger K, Sárdy M, Setterfield J, Shahid M, Sprecher E, Tasanen K, Uzun S, Vassileva S, Vestergaard K, Vorobyev A, Vujic I, Wang G, Wozniak K, Yayli S, Zambruno G, Zillikens D, Schmidt E, Joly P. Updated S2 K guidelines for the management of bullous pemphigoid initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022, 36: 1689-1704.

Rashid H, Lamberts A, Borradori L, Alberti-Violetti S, Barry RJ, Caproni M, Carey B, Carrozzo M, Caux F, Cianchini G, Corrà A, Diercks GFH, Dikkers FG, Di Zenzo G, Feliciani C, Geerling G, Genovese G, Hertl M, Joly P, Marzano AV, Meijer JM, Mercadante V, Murrell DF, Ormond M, Pas HH, Patsatsi A, Prost C, Rauz S, van Rhijn BD, Roth M, Schmidt E, Setterfield J, Zambruno G, Zillikens D, Horváth B. S3 guideline on diagnosis and management of mucous membrane pemphigoid, initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) – part I: Clinical presentation and outcome measurements for disease assessment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: 1750-64.

Schmidt E, Rashid H, Marzano AV, Lamberts A, Di Zenzo G, Diercks GFH, Alberti-Violetti S, Barry RJ, Borradori L, Caproni M, Carey B, Carrozzo M, Cianchini G, Corrà A, Dikkers FG, Feliciani C, Geerling G, Genovese G, Hertl M, Joly P, Meijer JM, Mercadante V, Murrell DF, Ormond M, Pas HH, Patsatsi A, Rauz S, van Rhijn BD, Roth M, Setterfield J, Zillikens D, C Prost, Zambruno G, Horváth B, Caux F. S3 guideline for diagnosis and management of mucous membrane pemphigoid, initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) – Part II: Diagnosis and Management. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: 1926-48.

Görög A, Antiga E, Caproni M, Cianchini G, De D, Dmochowski M, Dolinsek J, Drenovska K, Feliciani C, Hervonen K, Jukic L, Kinyó A, Koltai T, Korponay-Szabó I, Marzano AV, Patsatsi A, Rose C, Salmi T, Schmidt E, Setterfield J, Shahid M, Sitaru C, Uzun S, Valitutti F, Vassileva S, Yayli S, Sárdy M. S2k guideline (consensus statement) for diagnosis and therapy of dermatitis herpetiformis initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021, 35: 1251-77.

Akbarialiabad H*, Schmidt E*, Patsatsi A, Lim YL, Mosam A, Tasanen K, Yamagami J, Daneshpazhooh M, De D, Cardones ARG, Joly P, Murrell DF. Bullous pemphigoid. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2025; 11: 12. *equal contribution

van Beek N, Holtsche MM, Atefi I, Olbrich H, Schmitz MJ, Pruessmann J, Vorobyev A, Schmidt E. State-of-the-art diagnosis of autoimmune blistering diseases. Front Immunol 2024, 15: 1363032.

Holtsche MM, Boch K, Schmidt E. Autoimmune bullous dermatoses. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023, 21: 405-12.

Du G, Patzelt S, van Beek N, Schmidt E. Mucous membrane pemphigoid. Autoimmun Rev 2022, 21: 103036.

van Beek N, Zillikens D, Schmidt E. Bullous autoimmune dermatoses: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic options. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2021, 118:413-20.

Kridin K, Schmidt E. Epidemiology of pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol Innovat 2021, 1: 100004.

Sadik C, Schmidt E, Zillikens D, Hashimoto T. Recent progress and perspectives in autoimmune bullous diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020, 145: 1145-47.

Schmidt E, Kasperkiewicz M, Joly P. Pemphigus. Lancet 2019, 394: 882-894.

Schmidt E, Zillikens D. Pemphigoid diseases. Lancet 2013, 381: 320-32.